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ই-বুকগুলো ডাউনলোড করার জন্য ই-বুকের উপর ক্লিক করুন।

অ্যাপসগুলো ডাউনলোড করার জন্য অ্যাপসগুলোর উপর ক্লিক করুন।

Saturday, August 5, 2017

Biology Firrst Paper



১ম অধ্যায়


২য় অধ্যায়


৩য় অধ্যায়


৪র্থ অধ্যায়


৫ম অধ্যায়


৬ষ্ঠ অধ্যায়


৭ম অধ্যায়


৮ম অধ্যায়


৯ম অধ্যায়


১০ম অধ্যায়


১১তম অধ্যায়


১২ তম অধ্যায়


Lesson 2 : Special System Support Chips 

2.1. Learning Objectives
On completion of this lesson you will be able to describe:
 Clock generator and driver (8284)
 Interrupt Controller (8259)
 Peripheral Interface Adapter (8255)
 Timer (8253)  Floppy Disk Controller Chip (8272).

2.2. Introduction These devices are used to support the microprocessor. In older computers each of these devices are built in discrete chips but in modern computers, they are combined in one or two chips. 

2.3. Clock Generator and Driver (8284) 
This IC is used to supply clock pulses to the 8088 processor. In 80186 it is built into the processor itself. It is practically an oscillator. It gets the oscillating input from a crystal or RC oscillator circuit and converts this oscillating input to a rectangular continuous pulse train of 0V and 5V. 

2.4. Interrupt Controller (8259) 
The CPU is connected with different controller devices like floppy disk drive controller, display controller, keyboard controller etc. These devices ask the service from the CPU by using interrupt pins on the CPU. Each controller connected with the CPU requires at least one interrupt pin of the CPU; but the CPU has limited number of interrupt pins. To solve this problem interrupt controller is used. It expands the interrupt pins of the CPU. For example the 8259 interrupt controller expands one interrupt pin of the 8088 CPU to 8-64 interrupt pins, each of which can be connected with a separate controller. Interrupt controller is also used to reduce working load of the CPU dealing interrupts.
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