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To support the faster processors like 80486 or Pentium Intel designed a newer faster bus slot called PCI, short for Peripheral Component Interconnect. Some features of this bus is given below.
6.5.1. Processor Independence
The PCI bus doesn't directly interface to the CPU. Rather, it communicates with the CPU via a "bridge circuit" that can act as a buffer between a particular CPU and the bus.
It means really good news for non-PC computer users. Macintosh PCs and RISC-based machines like the DEC Alpha are now out with PCI slots. That means a bigger market for PCI boards and an avenue for board makers to reach the PC, Mac, and RISC markets with a single board.
6.5.2. Wider Data Path
PCI distinguishes itself first because it is a 64-bit bus. PCI supports a data path appropriate for the newer Pentium-based computers, which require 64 bits at each clock cycle. PCI also supports a 32-bit data path, however, making it appropriate for use in high-performance 486 systems.
6.5.3. High Speed
The PCI bus runs in 33 to 100 MHz which much higher than the older 5 to 20 MHz buses.
6.5.4. Backward Compatibility
Although ISA boards cannot fit in PCI slots, the chipset that supports PCI also supports ISA. That means that it's easy to build a PC with PCI, and ISA slots all on the same motherboard.
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